Complete rest in the acute period, coagulants. epsilon aminocaproic acid, vikasol. With a spinal injury and the presence of an extensive hematoma - laminectomy and removal of the hematoma. Antibiotics, sulfonamides for the prevention of secondary complications. Prevention of bedsores, cystitis. In the residual period - massage, physiotherapy exercises. What is hematomyelia and other articles on the topic of neurology.
It develops within a few minutes, there are dissociated sensory disorders, atrophic paralysis, which is due to the localization of hematomyelia, gray matter, posterior horns, the region of the central canal. In the first days, with large hemorrhages, a picture of a transverse lesion of the spinal cord can be observed. Recovery of lost functions usually begins from the second or third week. Hematomyelia and spinal cord compression should be differentiated. Rest, hemostatic agents (Vikasol, calcium chloride), dehydration. With an increase in symptoms of spinal cord compression, a decompressive laminectomy is performed at the appropriate level.
The main method by which hematomyelia is diagnosed is MRI of the spinal cord. Hematomyelia is treated with conservative (coagulants, neostigmine, nootropics, galantamine, etc.) or surgical (removal of hematoma, embolization and clipping of vascular malformation) methods.
Hematomyelia is internal bleeding in which blood permeates the substance of the spinal cord or accumulates in the form of a hematoma. In the first case, the outflow of blood spreads across the diameter of the spinal cord, causing the death of nervous tissue in the region of the anterior and posterior horns of the spinal cord, as well as compression of the motor and sensory pathways. In the second case, hematomyelia accompanied by the formation of a hematoma leads to compression of the brain structures and spinal roots.
Causes of hematomyelia Symptoms of hematomyelia Diagnosis of hematomyelia Treatment of hematomyelia Prognosis of hematomyelia Prices for treatment. As a rule, hematomyelia leads to a partial lesion of the diameter of the spinal cord and is observed at the level of several spinal segments. Only in rare cases is it accompanied by a total lesion of the entire diameter of the spinal cord.
Hematomyelia may be accompanied by an outpouring of blood into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord (subarachnoid hemorrhage) and the formation of meningeal hematomas (subdural, epidural). After the bleeding stops, the outflowing blood is absorbed or a chronic hematoma is formed, which is distinguished by the presence of a capsule delimiting it. The spinal cells that died as a result of hematomyelia are not restored, but are replaced by glial tissue with the formation of cysts.
The most common cause of hematomyelia is spinal cord injury and damage to the spinal vessels in spinal fractures. In second place are arteriovenous malformations of the vessels of the spinal cord, in which hematomyelia develops as a result of thinning and rupture of the altered vascular wall. More rare causes of hematomyelia include pathological changes in blood vessels in systemic vasculitis, disorders in hemorrhagic diathesis (thrombocytopenic purpura, hemorrhagic vasculitis, etc.), destruction of the vascular wall by a growing tumor of the spinal cord. In some cases, hematomyelia occurs as a complication of medical procedures. epidural anesthesia or lumbar puncture.
The factors contributing to the development of hematomyelia in neurology include severe somatic diseases (cirrhosis of the liver, decompensated hypertension, chronic renal failure, etc.), atherosclerosis, alcoholism, diseases with convulsive syndrome (epilepsy, encephalitis, meningitis, brain abscess, severe influenza).